Narratives of Inclusion and Exclusion: Experiences of Intersex

Abstract

The current study focuses on the opportunities and challenges faced by intersex in the social inclusion. Due to biological, psychological and social differences, intersex (Hijra) forms their different gender identity and take on different gender roles. Society treats them with conventional and stereotypical beliefs. In order to analyze the issues faced by intersex population; the importance is given to some vital factors including social support, economic opportunities, social and political rights, religious affairs and access to health care system. By applying qualitative research approach, case study research design has been used to investigate the research objectives. Keeping in view the importance of rural-urban difference in the study, data is collected from district Sialkot and Chawinda, Pakistan. A non-probability purposive sampling has been utilized to collect data. A total of 20 respondents includes 10 respondents from each locale were selected which were determined by saturation point. Interview guide has been used as data collection tool. Thematic analysis has been done to analyze data covering core issues faced by intersex. It has been found that intersex population is still a socially excluded group in their social settings and they are away from socio-economic activities practiced by general population in the study area. The major factor of such exclusion is that they are hampered in social participation and left behind in economic, political and educational opportunities. Moreover, intersex (Hijra) sub-culture persuades them to remain at distance and also prevents them from social inclusion.